On knowledge sharing and dissemination

... when circulating a working paper for comments, never put on "citations only permitted with the permission of author"

or "no parts of this paper can be used without permission of author". Rather, say "when using parts of this paper please give proper citation and help yourself". Be delighted if someone wants to quote you ... (p.7)

Source: Glaser, B. G. (2006) The roots of grounded theory. The Grounded Theory Review, 5(2/3), 1-10.

Thursday 30 January 2014

The Last Sajadah ... 15 Ramadhan 1414 ... 25 February 1994


Bismillahirrahmanirrahim
 اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ
Assalamualaikum warahmatullah wabarakatuh

AlhamduLillah syukur ... followed through the appointment with the Dr today ... more blood test ... and alhamduLillah much much better results ... syukur
a few telling drops of blood ... and a definition of your pain or well being ... masyaAllah

~


but the buckets of blood that have been spilled 20 years ago in the mosque shown above reflected a different kind of pain ...
let me take you back to Baitul Maqdis ... to the high city of Al-Khalil (aka Hebron) and the massacre of those who were in fajar sajadah ...

The last sajadah of the Jamaah in Masjid Nabi Ibrahim (AS) in Fajar Solat of Friday 15 Ramadhan 1414 (25 February 1994) (Where was I?) leaving 29 dead and more than a hundred wounded ... shot while prostrating in the second sajadah of Subuh (Fajar) solat. May the mercy and blessings Allah SWT be with them. More would have been massacred but the gun man ran out of bullets  … 
more details here ...


and here ...



~

The city's name Al-Khalil refers to Prophet Ibrahim AS ... and the mosque complex houses the Maqams of Prophet Ibrahim AS, Prophet Ishak AS, Prophet Ya'akub AS and the wives ...
 our Brother Guide informed us that the entire mosque and the maqams were accessible to Muslims before the massacre ... after months of curfew ... the Palestine Muslims were again allowed to enter the complex ... and found that maqam of Prophet Ya'akub and his wife  had been walled off and made inaccessible for the Muslim visitors ...

so near ... yet so far we could here and see the Jewish visitors through see-through railings next to the Muslim visiting areas ...

~




 Israel Security Police in the Mosque ... google image ... source here news source October 4 2011

 ~

the colour of our spilled blood was no doubt the same ... red ... but our pain are much much different ...

May Allah SWT keep the ummah firm and guided in their steps ...


Allahu'alam

~

Sajadah in the courtyard of Masjid Al-Aqsa ... The Dome of the Rock in the background.
image source ... here

and ...

Palestine News update ...

http://www.imemc.org/article/66861

~

for those who have the time and the means ... Ramadhan and Eid in Palestine is an option indeed ... Kakak (my adopted sister) who organised Umrah and Hajj Travel did mention that Umrah quota is getting smaller so those who would like to spend their Ramadhan in the Haram Al-Sharif can opt to go to Palestine instead ...

May Allah SWT ease and reward those who travel and seek His Sanctuary ...




 

Friday 24 January 2014

Kiwi ... Ketam ... Kepayas ... and Kamisah


Bismillahirrahmanirrahim
Assalamualaikum warahmatullah wabarakatuh

Alhamdulillah syukur ... اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ ... Alhamdulillah syukur for health regained ...

~

Friday Maghrib, night of 17th i was warded after three days of feeling dis ... ease. And Thursday Maghrib night of 23rd out alhamduLillah ... Dengue is so common now that most of us have taken it for granted that one will get worse for a week then only better. That was also the assurance of the Dr while explaining the nature of the fever along with graph illustration of the expected downturn of the blood platelet count ... the KPI (Key Performance Indicator) of dengue fever ... hehe.
So you look forward to your daily blood test result giving the platelet count nervously ... praying very hard that if it has to go down so be it but please just little little down please :) ...  not too much ...
that was a period that i suddenly realized with much shame that i love life ... 

~

On the second day, Saturday night, I heard a commotion outside the room, and the sound of a lady crying. i peeped out and saw a number of people - family members of an 11 year-old girl who had collapsed due to dengue. the whole night i did not sleep a wink not only because of the emergency outside the room ... but most probably due to my sleeping during the day after taking whatever the Dr had given me ...
early sunday morning i heard another round of cries and i found out later that the poor girl has passed on due to internal haemorrhage ... innaLillahi wainna ilaihi raji'un ...

~

Now dengue has become an affliction with many traditional support remedies ... i used to hear people saying to consume plenty of juice and the popular isotonic drink 100Plus ... and crab soup ... until one nurse who came regularly for my blood pressure reading told me about another nurse's experience of dengue and the supplement she took ...

and these were her recommendations ... besides the usual 100Plus ...

Kiwi Fruit
Ketam (Crab) Soup
Kepayas Young Leaves (Brunei/Sabah for Papaya:) - its juice

Kepayas shoot ... young papaya shoots ...

i don't know exactly what each of the above does ... but i took plenty of fluid (zamzam water, plain water, orange juice, guava juice both pink and green) ... and kiwis ...

Ketam soup was another story altogether ... after having two rounds of the soup ...  i'm not sure why but my blood pressure was shooting the star ... and  i said to my brother and sister-in-law who prepared the soup ... no more soup ketam i think ... so that was that ...:)

as for kepayas bitter juice ... the thought of its taste gives me stress ... so no kepayas please ...

but ... plenty of fluid from the Dr ... non-stop 4 bottles per day ...

... the memorable last bottle ... :) AlhamduLillah

~

and a new-found K in this Dengue Saga :) ... Kamisah, a young mother who had minor stroke ... alhamdulillah she was a very good company ... :)


~

now back home with a gift from the hospital ... antibiotic for infection at the intravenous site ... :) alhamduLillah should be subsiding soon insyaAllah ...

a milennium (K) experience indeed ... syukur ...  for one can never be too sure as to when is one's last sajadah ...

~

... further reading on the Origin of Dengue Fever ... here

http://magazine.jhsph.edu/2010/spring/features/the_devils_disease_dengue_fever/page_1
http://magazine.jhsph.edu/2010/spring/features/the_devils_disease_dengue_fever/page_2/
http://magazine.jhsph.edu/2010/spring/features/the_devils_disease_dengue_fever/page_3/

and there i was while lying in the hospital thinking that the word dengue was French :) ... the nurses that i did chat up while checking my blood pressure could not tell me the origin of dengue fever ...

Dengue is serious business ... so please take it seriously ... you don't ever want a second ...

May Allah SWT forbid ...







Tuesday 14 January 2014

The Last Sajadah ...


Bismillahirrahmanirrahim
Assalamualaikum warahmatullah wabarakatuh

Alhamdulillah syukur ... اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ ... dan kepada siapa saja yang berziarah ke sini saya ucapkan selamat sejahtera atasmu ... may Allah SWT guide our every step ...

~

initially i wanted to narrate a most sad event i learnt from the ziarah ... hence the title ... but i remember the happiest event of all that happened on this day ... the birth of our beloved Prophet صلى الله عليه و سلم

so ...

For today let me redirect you to this ...


and this ...

Been awhile since i had my workout in Laman Kecik. But AlhamduLillah the Laman is thriving on its own ... regular rain and occasional watering ... minimal weeding ... syukur AlhamduLillah for both calming and vibrant colours, and heady fragrance for the senses ...

Aster yellow ... aka coreopsis ... most vibrant "chickweeds tickseed?" and favourite bedding of Bujang Senang . I have planted this plant all over the Laman Kecik and Bujang Senang has tried most of them :)

Bujang Senang is a Tom Cat si perempit malam (the night prowler) who has an exceptional preference to sleeping among the Yellow Aster patches i planted all over this small garden ... till now i've no idea where he comes from :)
more here ... Bujang Senang


and this is Kenanga ... it's getting too tall ... i was standing below these branches actually ... will need to prune it soon but i'm dallying ... the kenanga is also known as YlangYlang ... aka Cananga odorata ... the very fragrant "flower of flowers" (its other name :) most soothing and calming ... do you then wonder that many are planted at the gravesides - emanating fragrance to sooth the pain of loss ...

Alhamdulillah syukur ...
... اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ ...

:)

InsyaAllah i will update on the tragedy of the Last Sajadah in my next narrative ...



Saturday 11 January 2014

Elaine ... and the Keys


Bismillahirrahmanirrahim
Assalamualaikum warahmatullah wabarakatuh

AlhamduLillah syukur ... kadang-kadang kita mendapat jawapan dari sumber yang tidak diduga ...

~

There's something unique about us Malaysian speaking in English ... where ever we are, our ears can easily pick up the true Malaysian English ... 

and so it was ... in the early morning hours of our departure from Amman Queen Alia Intl Airport. I was in the queue in the Ladies ... and suddenly i heard some ladies behind me conversing in English ... and a very familiar style of English ... i turned around and saw some Chinese ladies ... and as usual her highness "the sibukness" smiled and queried "Malaysian?" ... ya lah one answered ... oh! i was surprised ... Malaysian Chinese ... i sibuk some more and asked this and that (while still in the queue) and finally understood that they were part of a KL Catholic tour group to Baitul Maqdis ... Christian Chinese and Indians both ...

Remember the Church of Holy Sepulchre which i wrote HERE ... this is one of the reasons for the Catholic Christians visit ... we introduced ourselves ... as usual i'm just hajjah and she was Elaine ... a sweet lady from Kuantan ...
out of the Rest Room ... we went our separate ways ... knowing that we would be on the same flight home ... and on board as luck would have it we were just separated by the aisle ... after settling down, again this her "sibukness" could not stop herself from enquiring ...

"we went to visit Masjid Sayyidina Umar our Muslim Khalifah ... next to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre" I said ..."and we were informed that the keys to the Church were held by some Muslim families since the days of the Muslim Commander Salahuddin Al Ayubi ... and I'm just curious why the Church elders now do not request for the keys themselves?"

"Oh"  Elaine said and went on to explain ..."this is because they have different Catholic denominations in there and because of their differences they prefer the keys to be held by the Muslim custodians"
( ... more details of the denominations below ...)

"got it" i said ... and suddenly i was reminded of the history of our own N. Sembilan whose Yang DiPertuan Besar was specifically invited from Sumatra because the local Chieftains could not agree among themselves as to who should be King ... :)

i narrated the Church History to my Bruneian Sister Hajjah R who came to visit recently ... and she on the other hand was reminded of another incident during the great flood of pre-Islamic time when the Holy Kaabah was being repaired by four Quraish tribes who could not agree as to who should have the honour of lifting the Holy Stone Hajar Aswad ... and finally it was settled by Muhammad Al Amin, our beloved Prophet SAW. This was the period before his Prophethood ... a Bahasa Malaysia version of the history of Holy Kaabah here ...


~

more on ... The Church of The Holy Sepulchre and the Custodians of the Keys ...

The primary custodians are the Eastern Orthodox, Armenian Apostolic, and Roman Catholic Churches, with the Greek Orthodox Church (Eastern Orthodox) having the lion's share. In the 19th century, the Coptic Orthodox, the Ethiopian Orthodox and the Syriac Orthodox acquired lesser responsibilities, which include shrines and other structures within and around the building. Times and places of worship for each community are strictly regulated in common areas.
Establishment of the 1853 status quo did not halt the violence, which continues to break out every so often even in modern times. On a hot summer day in 2002, a Coptic monk moved his chair from its agreed spot into the shade. This was interpreted as a hostile move by the Ethiopians, and eleven were hospitalized after the resulting fracas.
In another incident in 2004, during Orthodox celebrations of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross, a door to the Franciscan chapel was left open. This was taken as a sign of disrespect by the Orthodox and a fistfight broke out. Some people were arrested, but no one was seriously injured.
On Palm Sunday, in April 2008, a brawl broke out when a Greek monk was ejected from the building by a rival faction. Police were called to the scene but were also attacked by the enraged brawlers.On Sunday, November 9, 2008, a clash erupted between Armenian and Greek monks during celebrations for the Feast of the Cross.
Under the status quo, no part of what is designated as common territory may be so much as rearranged without consent from all communities. This often leads to the neglect of badly needed repairs when the communities cannot come to an agreement among themselves about the final shape of a project. Just such a disagreement has delayed the renovation of the edicule, where the need is now dire, but also where any change in the structure might result in a change to the status quo, disagreeable to one or more of the communities.

A less grave sign of this state of affairs is located on a window ledge over the church's entrance. Someone placed a wooden ladder there sometime before 1852, when the status quo defined both the doors and the window ledges as common ground. This ladder, the "Immovable Ladder", remains there to this day, in almost exactly the same position it can be seen to occupy in century-old photographs and engravings. An engraving by David Roberts in 1839 also shows the same ladder in the same position.
No one controls the main entrance. In 1192, Saladin  (Salahuddin Al Ayubi) assigned responsibility for it to the Muslim Nuseibeh family. The Joudeh Al-Goudia family were entrusted as custodian to the keys of the Holy Sepulchre by the Ottomans few hundred years later, and both families now share the responsibility. This arrangement has persisted into modern times.


~

Thank you Elaine for your kind initial explanation ...
 not the actual keys ... just a google image ... :)
 

here's an image of Mr Nuseibah opening the door ... the ancient key is about a foot long actually ...

... image from Nuseibah Family Website

Wednesday 8 January 2014

Upon which life springs ... tanah

Bismillahirrahmanirrahim
Assalamulaikum warahmatullah wabarakatuh

Alhamdulillah syukur ... for time to reflect

i was going through an online forum and was curious about a challenge to find out the size of the Malay Reserved Land (Tanah Rizab Melayu) ...

so let me share my findings ... as food for thought ...

~

SOALAN Lisan NO. 61 PADA 08 March 2011 DI Dewan Rakyat

 
Dato’ Johari bin Abdul [ Sungai Petani ] minta MENTERI SUMBER ASLI DAN ALAM SEKITAR menyatakan:-
 
(a)  Berapakah luas Tanah Rizab Melayu dalam ukuran ekar di seluruh Semenanjung pada tahun 1957 dan berapakah pula keluasannya hingga 2010; dan
 (b)     Senaraikan keluasan tanah tersebut mengikut negeri.
JAWAPAN:

Tuan Yang Dipertua,
 
(a)     Untuk makluman Ahli Yang Berhormat, Kementerian ini tidak mempunyai maklumat berkenaan keluasan Tanah Rizab Melayu dalam ukuran ekar di seluruh Semenanjung pada tahun 1957.  Walau bagaimanapun, berdasarkan maklumat yang diperolehi pihak Kementerian, keluasan Tanah Rizab Melayu sehingga 31 Disember 2010 ialah berjumlah 7,378,395.89 ekar.
 
(b)     Keluasan Tanah Rizab Melayu mengikut negeri sehingga 31 Disember 2010 adalah seperti berikut:
 
Negeri Perlis – 92,290.14 ekar;
Negeri Kedah – 2,146,900.26 ekar; dan
Negeri Perak – 354,510.30 ekar;
Negeri Selangor – 348,889.60 ekar;
Negeri Sembilan – 30,809.60 ekar;
Negeri Johor – 99,823.00 ekar;
Negeri Pahang – 1,069,059.60 ekar;
Negeri Terengganu – 292.11 ekar; dan
Negeri Kelantan – 3,233,836.18 ekar;
Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur dan Putrajaya – 1,985.32 ekar.
 
Untuk makluman Ahli Yang Berhormat, tiada Tanah Rizab Melayu di negeri Pulau Pinang dan Melaka.
 
Sekian, terima kasih.
​Source: http://www.nre.gov.my/parlimen/Lists/DispFormJawapan.aspx?ID=160
From : Soal Joab Parlimen http://www.nre.gov.my/parlimen/Pages/Teras-Tanah.aspx

~

Why Melaka and Penang have No Malay Reserved Land ... check it out please ... any answer please share ... (I thought because we have sold them to the Colonial British but i may have it wrong ... will need some googling) ... Terengganu slightly less than 300 acres, whilst N.Sembilan just about 31,000 acres.

~

of course ... OPT (Occupied Palestine Territory) and British Mandate have nothing to do with Malay Reserved Land ...




Saturday 4 January 2014

Two Histories ... Two Realities


Bismillahirrahmanirrahim
Assalamualaikum warahmatuLLah wabarakatuh

AlhamduLillah syukur ... for Tauhid, for parents and family, good health and beautiful friends ... for His infinite blessings ...

~

Thursday, Friday and the night in between,  I was with mother in the Kuala Pilah Tuanku Najihah Hospital. AlhamduLillah mother is much better now. Night stay in a Hospital teaches one many things ... most importantly ... that one is not alone ... physically, emotionally, and spiritually ...

Syukur AlhamduLillah that i had a chance to be with those who took their breaks in the surau at night and narrated to each other their long days in the hospital caring for their loved ones, mostly the husbands in CCU's and ICU's ...up to 13 days ... but during my previous stay for mother last year i met a lady who was there for more than a month ... till the husband finally moved on ... Innalillahi wainna ilaihi rajiun ...

~

and today a beloved friend, another R :), this is R of Malaysia, sent a message after a very very long time ... AlhamduLillah syukur for i have lost her number along with my previous telephone ...
 AlhamduLillah for beautiful friends reconnected ...

~

Now please let me continue with the Ziarah. The readers should forgive me if this is not the usual narrative of a Tour ... it is not about a tour's itinerary ... neither it is about a timeline ... rather it is more about the narratives of my heart making sense ... and for today ... here goes ...

~

Two Histories ... Two Realities

the first ...

The Caliph -  Saiyidina Umar RA and The Church of Holy Sepulchre

please  read  


~

the second

The King - Ferdinand III of Castille and The Masjid of Cordoba

In 1236, Córdoba was conquered by King Ferdinand III of Castile ... and the mosque was converted into a Catholic church in its centre. Alfonso X oversaw the construction of the Villaviciosa Chapel and the Royal Chapel within the mosque. The kings who followed added further Christian features, such as King Henry II rebuilding the chapel in the 14th century. The minaret of the mosque was also converted to the bell tower of the cathedral. It was adorned with Santiago de Compostela’s captured cathedral bells.
The most significant alteration was the building of a Renaissance cathedral nave right in the middle of the expansive structure. The insertion was constructed by permission of ... Charles V, king of Castile and Aragon. However, when Charles V visited the completed cathedral he was displeased by the result and famously commented, "they have taken something unique in all the world and destroyed it to build something you can find in any city."



Masjid Cordoba Spain (Google Image)

~

Reality 1 ...
The Gate and the Doorkeepers Of Al Quds

please read
 

~

and ...  Reality 2 ... Angola Now

President Jose Edurado dos Santos reportedly told the Osun Defence daily: 
‘This is the final end of Islamic influence in our country.’

 ~

 Lessons from the past ... 
and the present ...
to keep us thinking of the meaning of things ...

 ~

the felling  ... (a google image)

More narratives here ...







Thursday 2 January 2014

Berilmu ... Berbahasa ... Beradab

Bismillahirrahmanirrahim
Assalamualaikum warahmatullah wabarakatuh

Alhamdulillah syukur ... for the opportunity to share a bit more of adab of life ...

~

let me take a detour from the journey ... for today at least :)

A new school term ... a new hasrat to achieve ... but i would like to share some basics of life that make a lot of difference to the meaning of an educated being ... 

" The aim of education in Islam is to produce a good man. 
What is meant by 'good' in our concept of 'good man'? The fundamental element inherent in the Islamic concept of education is the inculcation of adab, for it is adab in the all-inclusive sense here meant as encompassing the spiritual and material life of man that instills the quality of goodness that is sought after. Education is precisely what the Prophet, upon whom be Peace, meant by adab when he said:

My Lord educated (addaba) me, and made my education (ta'dib) most excellent."

Source: Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas (1978). Islam and secularism. Kuala Lumpur: ISTAC.
(p.151)
~

Now, yesterday was cuti and we had our breakfast of roti canai kosong (mine) and roti telur (husband) at our favourite warung along Jalan Sikamat. We sat ourselves at the end of a long buffet style table right in front of the roti canai maker. It was almost closing time, about 11.00am, but customers were still trickling in. Soon enough a large group of young vigorous looking men came in and filled up the remaining portion of our table. About a dozen of them. Early twenties i thought, dark and wind blown hair or maybe that was nothing to do with wind ... just the current young men's hairstyle ...

and they ordered ... what else roti canai kosong, roti telur :) ... and they took their breakfast quietly enough ... 
and i, the always sibuk one ... asked the one nearest to husband ... dari kolej ke dik? ... ye jawabnya ... kolej mana? ... Politeknik ... Kursus apa? ... Diploma Mechanical Engineering ... Semester berapa? ... Semester 2 ... Semuanya? ... ye semuanya ... Good i said and ended the conversation.

Breakfast done and another lad nearest to me (separated by a chair) took out a cigarette ... he was holding it between his fingers and i was thinking that he was just needing to hold it out of habit after food (hehehe) ... but a few moments later he was checking out his friends for a lighter ... and still i watched, thinking, and was sure he's not going to do it ... i was very wrong, and with the first flick of his finger on the lighter ... i blurted but pleasantly ... adabnya kalau nak merokok kita menjauh ... enough to be heard by his other friends who looked at me, first with surprise ... and then with comprehension ... and in chorus they said to their friend ... ye lah jauh-jauhlah nak merokok ... and that poor chap got up and went to the other end of the table to smoke ...

~

I wrote up the following some time ago ... for kindergarten teachers actually ... but i believe when this is made routine in the early years ... they will also be routine throughout life insyaAllah ...

~

Kita berbahasa Inggeris untuk berkomunikasi. Ini tidak bermakna kita jauhkan adab Islam dalam pertuturan ... For us Muslims, English is just a communicating tool ...

Apabila bertutur di dalam Bahasa Inggeris, maka elok sangat kita jadikan ayat-ayat berikut sebagai rutin harian anak dan murid ...

  1:: Memberi salam: Assalamu'alaikum ... (bila ... bertemu ... berpisah ... masuk rumah ... keluar rumah ... menjawab panggilan telefon ... dsbnya).
     ... menjawabnya ... Wa'alaikumsalam ...

  2:: Bertanya khabar: How are you? ... How are you Mak/Mama/Ummi/Ibu/Abah/Ayah/Baba/Wan/Tok? ... How are you Teacher/Ustaz/Ustazah? ... How are you Tina/Amir/Khadijah/Kak Dayah? Abang ... dsbnya.

  3:: Menjawabnya:

        ... Fine (... bagi yang baru nak mula berbahasa Inggeris ... jangan susahkan lidahnya ... :)

        ... Fine, thank you (... belajar berterima kasih kerana sudi bertanya khabar kita ...)

        ... I'm fine, thank you (... tambah struktur ayat untuk meningkatkan fasihnya ...)

        ... AlhamduLILLAH, I'm fine, thank you.
            (... the Muslim way of conveying syukur ... atas segala  nikmat sihat dan rahmatNYA ...)

  4:: Meminta sesuatu: Water please ... Rice please ... Pencil please ... Paper Please ...Pass it on please ... dsbnya .......... please.

  5:: Menghargai (Appreciating): Thank you ... Thank you Mak/Abah/Abang/Kak Dayah/Teacher ...
        ... Menjawabnya ... You're welcome ... Most welcome...

  6:: Meminta bantuan, laluan, perhatian: Excuse me ... Excuse me Mak/Abah/Kakak/Abang/Teacher ...

  7:: Mohon maaf: Sorry ... (apabila tersilap ... meminta ulang ucapan/pertuturan yang tidak jelas, elakkan sangat-sangat perkataan 'ah? dalam kes tak dengar atau kurang jelas ini ... dsbnya)


SUMMARY

7 beautiful phrases in daily communication ...

1. Assalamua'alaikum

2. How are you?

3. AlhamduLillah

4. Please

5. Thank you

6. Excuse me

7. Sorry


Nota:

1. Kami dapati lebih mudah pelajar dan guru baru menyebut ....Please... di hujung ayat. Contoh: Apabila meminta sesuatu ketika sedang makan bersama ... seperti... Plate please ... Rice Please ... Pass it on Please ...

2. Ayat-ayat adab ini insyaALLAH akan menjadi rutin anak-anak jika digunakan sebagai adab harian, walau dalam bahasa apa pun mereka berbicara.

3. Terjemahkan ayat-ayat adab tersebut ke bahasa yang sesuai untuk anak-anak dan pelajar Muslim dari pelbagai bahasa.

4. Teruskan menambah ayat-ayat adab dalam pertuturan harian kita, anak-anak dan pelajar.

Contoh: Can I help?/ Can I help you?/ Can I help you Mama?.
Our approach has always been: Start SHORT then EXTEND.


Yes, InsyaAllah I Can Do It!

the beginning of that life long learning ... that if i press too hard my pencil breaks :)



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